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Crab Orchard is a city in Cumberland County, Tennessee, United States. The population was 752 at the 2010 census.〔Tennessee Department of Economic and Community Development, (Certified Population of Tennessee Incorporated Municipalities and Counties ), State of Tennessee official website, 14 July 2011. Retrieved: 6 December 2013.〕 ==History== Crab Orchard's position in a gap in the Crab Orchard Mountains made it an early "gateway" to the Cumberland area as early as the late 18th century. Pioneers passing through the area named it for its abundance of wild crab apple trees.〔Helen Bullard and Joseph Krechniak, ''Cumberland County's First Hundred Years'' (Crossville, Tenn.: Centennial Committee, 1956), 122.〕 In the 1780s, a road was built through the gap to help provide protection for travelers migrating from East Tennessee to the Nashville area.〔J.G.M. Ramsey, ''The Annals of Tennessee'' (Johnson City, Tennessee: Tennessee Overmountain Press, 1999), 500-501.〕 The historian J. G. M. Ramsey reported several Cherokee, Creek, and Shawnee attacks at "the Crab-Orchard" during a period of heightened tensions between Native Americans and encroaching Euro-American settlers in the early 1790s. Around 1792, a small band of troops led by Captain Samuel Handley was attacked by a mixed group of Cherokee, Creek, and Shawnee at Crab Orchard, ending in Handley's capture.〔Ramsey, ''Annals of Tennessee'', 571-572.〕 In April 1794, a group of travelers was ambushed by a band of Creeks, killing early Cumberland County settler Thomas "Big Foot" Spencer. A few weeks later, a "Lieutenant McClelland" was attacked and routed by a band of Creeks at Crab Orchard.〔Ramsey, ''The Annals of Tennessee'', 591-595.〕〔Michael Boniol, "(Cumberland County History )," 2003. Retrieved: 2 January 2008.〕 In the late 18th century, as Cherokee attacks subsided, the Walton Road was built as part of the stage road system connecting the Knoxville and Nashville areas. The road passed through Crab Orchard, bringing a steady stream of travelers and migrants to the area. Around 1800, Sidnor's Inn opened at Crab Orchard, with Bishop Francis Asbury being among its earliest guests. In 1827, Robert Burke, whose wife operated a tavern at what is now Ozone established the Crab Orchard Inn, which would remain open until the early 20th century.〔Bullard and Krechniak, ''Cumberland County's First Hundred Years'', 21, 122.〕 Crab Orchard has given its name to a rare type of durable sandstone found in its vicinity. First used in local structures and sidewalks in the late 19th century, the Crab Orchard stone gained popularity in the 1920s when it was used in the construction of Scarritt College in Nashville. Numerous buildings in Crossville, have been constructed with Crab Orchard stone.〔Carroll Van West, "(Crab Orchard Stone )." ''The Tennessee Encyclopedia of History and Culture'', 2002. Retrieved: 2 January 2008.〕 Crab Orchard is also home to a large limestone mine operated by Franklin Industrial Minerals. The mine and its accompanying plant dominate the south side of the Crab Orchard gap along Interstate 40 and US-70. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Crab Orchard, Tennessee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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